PBKDF2 Threat Model

Algorithm Type: Password-Based KDF
Security Level: Varies-bit
Quantum Impact: Iteration count must increase for quantum resistance
Last Updated: 2025-01-02

Executive Summary

This document analyzes threats specific to PBKDF2, a Password-Based KDF algorithm providing Varies-bit classical security. Iteration count must increase for quantum resistance

Algorithm-Specific Threats

Cryptanalytic Attacks

• Best Known Attack: Complexity and requirements
• Collision Resistance: For hash functions
• Preimage Resistance: For hash functions
• Key Recovery: For ciphers and MACs

Implementation Vulnerabilities

Common Weaknesses

• Timing side-channels in implementations
• Cache-timing attacks on table lookups
• Power analysis vulnerabilities
• Fault injection points

Platform-Specific Risks

• Hardware acceleration vulnerabilities
• Software optimization trade-offs
• Language-specific implementation issues

Security Analysis

Classical Security

| Attack Type | Complexity | Practical | Mitigation | |————|————|———–|————| | Brute Force | 2^Varies | No | Key size selection | | Cryptanalysis | Varies | Depends | Algorithm updates | | Side-Channel | Implementation | Yes | Countermeasures |

Quantum Security

Iteration count must increase for quantum resistance

Implementation Best Practices

Secure Implementation Requirements

1. Constant-time operations
2. Secure memory handling
3. Proper initialization
4. Error handling without leakage

Common Pitfalls

• Variable-time operations
• Compiler optimizations
• Memory leaks
• Weak randomness

Deployment Considerations

Use Case Specific Threats

• Protocol integration issues
• Key management challenges
• Performance constraints
• Compatibility requirements

Migration Considerations

• Quantum threat timeline
• Hybrid deployment options
• Backward compatibility
• Performance impacts

Countermeasures

Design Level

• Appropriate parameter selection
• Security margin considerations
• Mode of operation selection

Implementation Level

• Side-channel protections
• Fault resistance
• Memory protection
• Timing attack prevention

Operational Level

• Key rotation policies
• Monitoring and detection
• Incident response
• Security updates

Compliance and Standards

• NIST Recommendations: Current status
• Industry Standards: Adoption level
• Regulatory Requirements: Compliance needs

Testing Requirements

Security Validation

• Test vector verification
• Side-channel testing
• Fuzzing and stress testing
• Formal verification (where applicable)

Performance Testing

• Throughput measurements
• Latency analysis
• Resource utilization
• Scalability testing

Known Vulnerabilities

Historical Issues

• Past CVEs and fixes
• Implementation bugs
• Protocol weaknesses

Current Concerns

• Active research areas
• Potential weaknesses
• Monitoring requirements

References

• [Algorithm Specifications]
• [Security Analysis]
• [Implementation Guidelines]
• [Standards Documentation]

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